Compound Distribution Analysis of Aquilaria Beccariana Essential Oil Using Coupled GC-MS/GC-FID Instrumentation

Abstract

This study investigates the compound signal characteristics of Aquilaria beccariana essential oil using data acquired from a coupled Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Gas Chromatography–Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) system. The coupled configuration enables simultaneous identification and quantification of chemical constituents, thereby improving signal reliability and analytical precision. A total of 18 compounds were identified and grouped into four chemical classes, namely carboxylic acids, sesquiterpenes, sesquiterpenoids and other compound. To examine compound behaviour within the species, peak area (%) values were analyzed using jitter scatter plots and bar graphs. The sesquiterpene group showed the highest compound density and moderate intensity, with allo-aromadendrene and beta-patchoulene identified as prominent contributors. Benzyl benzoate, a non-sesquiterpenoid compound, recorded the highest peak area (10.61%), dominating the overall profile. These findings provide a detailed view of compound distribution in A. beccariana, offering insight into signal patterns that support future species authentication and chemical fingerprinting based on GC instrumentation data.