Optimizing Measurement Reliability of an IoT Outdoor Air Quality Monitoring System for Tropical Applications Using Simulation and Experimental Approaches

Abstract

Outdoor air quality monitoring systems (OAQMS) are essential for safeguarding public health and well-being by monitoring environmental changes, especially in urban and industrial areas. This study focuses on the design and development of a protective casing for OAQMS, intended to shield internal electronic components from harsh environmental conditions while maintaining data accuracy and preventing thermal buildup. The system utilizes low-cost sensors to measure PM2.5, PM10, temperature, and relative humidity, integrated with a Raspberry Pi microcontroller. An exhaust fan was incorporated to regulate internal airflow and maintain thermal stability. The casing was developed in accordance with IEC 60529 to ensure resistance against dust and water, enhancing system reliability for outdoor deployment. Validation testing conducted in a controlled environment showed that the casing preserved over 90 percent of the sensor accuracy.